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Restoring Life to Books: Q&A with Gabriele Dondi

Winter 2016
Winter 2016
:
Volume
31
, Number
2
Article starts on page
39
.

Since 1998 Giorgio Pellegrini has directed the Paper and Watermark Museum of Fabriano. He has overseen construction of a major new wing of the museum, a section on the Civilization of the Book, and a Center of Documentation of the Art on Paper. He has developed relations with European and international paper museums including the Robert C. Williams American Museum of Papermaking in Atlanta, with which he won the American Association of Museums' IPAM award (International Partnership Among Museums). In 2002, participating in the Smithsonian Folklife Festival, he met this issue's guest editor Lynn Sures with whom he initiated "Paper, Print and Book" workshops bringing students to study with important Italian artists and craftsmen. Universities in Australia and Russia have now undertaken similar activities with the museum. He founded the International Biennial Fabriano Watercolour Prize, partnering with the Biennale of Shenzen (China); and is co-organizer of the Leonardo Sciascia Biennal of Graphics, each boosting connections between artistic activities and use of handmade paper for art. He initiated a related museum Artist's Residency Program. Among the many international events he has brought to the museum include the 2014 biennial conference of IAPMA and that of the IPH. GIORGIO PELLEGRINI: Where did you study the techniques of paper and book conservation? Was there a teacher who was very important to you?  GABRIELE DONDI: I studied in Urbino, my hometown, at the State Institute of   Art, previously known widely as the Urbino School of the Book. My teacher   was my father Arnaldo Dondi, a teacher for 40 years at the School of the   Book. After completing five years of studies at the State Institute of Art I   took a course at the Ministry of Culture. An exam at the end of that training   certified me with the professional qualification of "restorer of books" and   with it, access to commissions from the various state bodies.

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Talk a bit about how you started your own studio and business. I started first like any other studio assistant for a year, to confirm that my level of theoretical preparation was also supported by manual skills. After this brief experience, I decided to undertake a business along with a friend of mine. After my friend left the business, I continued alone, joined occasionally by students from the State Institute of Art who came on internships to my Urbino laboratory. Who are your clients for conservation work? My clientele is mainly public or, to be more precise, one of the Italian archivistic authorities, specifically the Marche region archives, the state archives, and the Diocesan archives. From time to time, there are other bodies such as the Vatican Library or small operations. What kind of projects do you receive? My area of specialization is above all the treatment of medieval manuscripts, printed books including incunabula and cinquecentine.1 However I also restore and conserve parchments, for example, documents from the thirteenth century signed by the Holy Roman Emperor Federico II, and from the fourteenth century signed by Federico da Montefeltro. Describe the steps from the beginning, when you receive a book or a document in very poor condition. The steps to restore a book or document are fairly standardized. It starts with the photographic documentation of the object to Damaged folio has been safely attached to a support paper, as seen against a light table. Photo taken in 2012. Dondi working at the light table. Photo taken in 2012. winter 2016 - 41 be restored. Then it proceeds with dismantling the volume and testing the solubility of the inks in order to prevent any alteration in the subsequent washing step and, in the case of manuscripts, to the de-acidification of papers and inks. After washing the support we physically restore the papers with patches or mending strips created by veils of Japanese paper and the use of methyl cellulose as an adhesive. After restoration of the paper support we move to the recomposition of the signatures, and the subsequent binding, rebuilt on the foundation of the original binding. Similar processes are carried out for the restoration of old covers. In the case of cover components that are beyond repair, we remake the covers using parchment or skin, according to the materials originally used. What challenges do you enjoy in conservation work? The challenge that most excites me is the ability to save and give new life to a volume so damaged that few people would have bet on its recovery. Who works with you in the business? What does each person do? I am the typical one-man show. Sometimes my father comes into the shop and continues to give me valuable advice on how to take action on particularly complex jobs. Academy students come to learn manual skills that are only taught by working in the shop. What are you working on right now? Right now I'm doing two jobs at once. During the drying time of one, I can be working on the other. Specifically, I am restoring a fifteenth-century manuscript owned by the Diocese of Camerino; and a lovely cinquecentina I have been asked to restore by the Archival Authority of Ancona. What advice would you give to a young person who is interested in paper and book conservation? The conservator's work is extremely interesting, putting you in contact with works of enormous value to which you will have the privilege of restoring life. It is a job that has great prospects because here in Italy there is an extraordinary heritage that needs work, and now, in our country, more and more space is being devoted to the culture of recovery of these book works. ___________ notes 1. Editor's note: Cinquecentine are sixteenth-century books from the Venetian government's famed Marciana Library.